When the Sattva is influenced and overshadowed by Rajas and Tamas and the Self is Reflected

- In that impure sattva. the self is called Jiva or Soul. When Tamas is in the ascendant completely subordinating Sattva and Rajas

- the Self is considered of as Matter. The last alternative is reserved for a later consideration in the 18th stanza. This stanza mentions therefore

- only the first two alternatives. Sattva completely domineering over Rajas and Tamas is known as Maya; and the Sattva dominated by Tamas

- and Rajas is known as Avidya - The Self reflected in Maya is Isvara; the Self reflected in Avidya is the Jiva. As complete domination cannot admit of any variety 

- Isvara is One and One only. As the degrees of domination by Rajas and Tamas over Sattva are infinite in number, the Jivas are infinite in number 

- As Sattva which completely subordinates Rajas and Tamas is pure, the Self reflected in it has all the characteristics of the Self reflecting in it

- Isvara is therfore ever existing all-conscious and all-blissful - The two kinds are called Maya and Avidya by reason respectively of the purity and 

- impurity of the quality Sattva. The Self reflected in Maya and having entire control over it is Isvara, the Lord, Omniscient

- Ifa reflector is placed behind a lamp, though the reflector by itself is incapable of shining or of illuminating other objects